What is tendonitis?
Tendonitis, also called tendinitis, is when a tendon becomes inflamed, often from overuse or injury when moving your body. Tendons are strong, flexible tissues that connect muscles to bones, helping you move. Every time you swing a tennis racket, grab a cup of coffee, go for a run or squat to reach a low cabinet, your tendons are working to make those movements possible.
Your body has around 4,000 tendons. While tendons support your movement, too much strain or repetitive activity can cause them to become inflamed or injured. Tendonitis can happen in different areas of your body, like the heel, shoulder, elbow, ankles or knees.
Tendonitis symptoms
The most common symptoms of tendonitis include:
- Pain at the site of the tendon and the surrounding area, which may worsen with movement
- Stiffness or difficulty moving the affected joint
- A cracking or popping sensation that you may hear or feel when moving
- Swelling, often accompanied by skin discoloration (red, purple or darker than your natural skin tone)
When to see a doctor
See your primary care provider if symptoms of tendonitis affect your ability to function normally or prevent you from participating in your favorite activities. Your provider may be able to diagnose tendon inflammation and recommend treatment. On the other hand, they may refer you to an orthopedic surgeon for more specialized care, especially if you’ve been dealing with symptoms for a long time.
You should also see a doctor if your symptoms worsen after a few days of at-home care. If, for example, you develop a fever or can’t move your affected arm or leg, seek medical help as soon as possible.
Complications
Tendonitis can be inconvenient in the short term, especially if you have to take time away from sports or other activities to allow the tendon to heal. Ignoring the condition, though, may allow it to become a long-term problem. Without treatment, symptoms may become persistent, and the tendon could degenerate. Inflammation may strain the tendon until it tears.
Complications of untreated tendonitis can include:
- Chronic discomfort: Persistent inflammation can cause low-level pain whenever you move.
- Muscle weakness: The muscles near the tendon may grow weaker and affect joint functioning.
- Reduced functioning: Moving the affected joint may become more difficult as tendon inflammation persists.
- Tendon rupture: Unchecked irritation of the tendon may eventually cause it to rupture, or tear.
